tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3921365804581024302024-03-13T01:17:58.557-03:00O Universo além da Terra | The Universe Beyond EarthAstronomia, astrofísica, astrogeologia, astrobiologia, astrogeografia. O macro Universo em geral, deixando de lado os assuntos mundanos. Um olhar para o sublime Universo que existe além da Terra e transcende nossas brevíssimas vidas.
Astronomy astrophysics, astrogeology, astrobiology, astrogeography. The macro Universe in general, putting aside mundane subjects. A look at the sublime Universe that exists beyond Earth and transcends our rather brief life spans.Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger22802125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-22735442130128765402020-05-15T19:16:00.001-03:002020-05-15T19:23:52.412-03:00Anticorpo STI 1499<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;">Ligação específica à subunidade</span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"> S1 da proteína espícula do SARS-CoV-2 e bloqueio total de sua interação com o receptor ACE2</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;">A empresa Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: SRNE, "Sorrento") anunciou em </span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;">15 de maio de 2020 que seu anticorpo</span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"> anti-SARS-CoV-2 denominado </span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;">STI-1499</span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"> demonstrou inibir 100% a infecção pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2 em experimento in vitro, numa concentração muito baixa de anticorpos.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="background-color: white;">O laboratório informou que o anticorpo pode ser usado como terapia preventiva, uma vez que não há efeitos colaterais, e que o tratamento pode ser mais eficaz do que qualquer vacina que possa ser desenvolvida.</span></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-58958578745527840192020-04-29T15:44:00.003-03:002020-04-29T15:44:51.459-03:00The Ion Tail of New Comet SWAN | A cauda de íons do novo Cometa SWAN<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nKE_dI2xydA/XqmjFcaxXUI/AAAAAAABiPs/JND-3KcIHFI-vmtG1YIVdFqEEB-6cn2FwCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/CometSwan_Rhemann_960.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1190" data-original-width="960" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nKE_dI2xydA/XqmjFcaxXUI/AAAAAAABiPs/JND-3KcIHFI-vmtG1YIVdFqEEB-6cn2FwCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/CometSwan_Rhemann_960.jpg" width="516" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">O recem-descoberto Cometa SWAN já desenvolveu uma impressionante cauda. O cometa veio da parte mais longinqua do Sistema Solar, e acabou de passar por dentro da orbita da Terra. Oficialmente designado C/2020 F8 (SWAN), este iceberg interplanetario degaseificante irá passar em sua máxima aproximação da Terra em 13 de maio, e máxima do Sol em 27de maio. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">O cometa foi notado pela primeira vez no final de março por um entusiasta de astronomia ao observar imagens obtidas pela espaçonave orbital solar SOHO, da NASA, e recebeu este nome por conta da camera Solar Wind Anisotropies (SWAN), a bordo da espaçonave. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Esta imagem, obtida sob ceu escuro na Namibia em meados de abril, capturou a cabeleira verde brilhante e surpreendentemente longa do Cometa SWAN, e a detalhada cauda azul de íons. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Embora a intensidade de brilho dos cometas seja algo notavelmente dificil de prever, alguns modelos mostram o Cometa SWAN tornando-se suficientemente brilhante para ser visivel a olho nu durante o mes de junho.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Newly discovered Comet SWAN has already developed an impressive tail. The comet came in from the outer Solar System and has just passed inside the orbit of the Earth. Officially designated C/2020 F8 (SWAN), this outgassing interplanetary iceberg will pass its closest to the Earth on May 13, and closest to the Sun on May 27. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The comet was first noticed in late March by an astronomy enthusiast looking through images taken by NASA's Sun-orbiting SOHO spacecraft, and is named for this spacecraft's Solar Wind Anisotropies (SWAN) camera. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The featured image, taken from the dark skies in Namibia in mid-April, captured Comet SWAN's green-glowing coma and unexpectedly long, detailed, and blue ion-tail. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Although the brightness of comets are notoriously hard to predict, some models have Comet SWAN becoming bright enough to see with the unaided eye during June.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-56913709671813272172020-04-25T11:49:00.000-03:002020-04-25T11:49:27.483-03:00Hubble's Cosmic Reef <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bMGNLWjTVOE/XqQ3U_pN3gI/AAAAAAABiFw/7M5Ooy92bKQS7iFs491d7_og72C35y-ewCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/STSCI-H-p2016a-z-1000x687.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="687" data-original-width="1000" height="438" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bMGNLWjTVOE/XqQ3U_pN3gI/AAAAAAABiFw/7M5Ooy92bKQS7iFs491d7_og72C35y-ewCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/STSCI-H-p2016a-z-1000x687.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">These bright ridges of interstellar gas and dust are bathed in energetic starlight. With its sea of young stars, the massive star-forming region NGC 2014 has been dubbed the Cosmic Reef. Drifting just off shore, the smaller NGC 2020, is an expansive blue-hued structure erupting from a single central Wolf-Rayet star, 200,000 times brighter than the Sun. The cosmic frame spans some 600 light-years within the Large Magellanic Cloud 160,000 light-years away, a satellite galaxy of our Milky Way. A magnificent Hubble Space Telescope portrait, the image was released this week as part of a celebration to mark Hubble's 30th year exploring the Universe from Earth orbit.</span><br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-26501630009659515242020-04-05T16:15:00.001-03:002020-04-05T16:15:11.215-03:00Color the Universe | Colorir o Universo<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oB5FECuaG44/XonZp6w4FPI/AAAAAAABhGA/HHRc67fSieoCHBPGluR6yuUobkv2jfpHwCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/BeyondEarth_Unknown_960.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="960" height="532" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oB5FECuaG44/XonZp6w4FPI/AAAAAAABhGA/HHRc67fSieoCHBPGluR6yuUobkv2jfpHwCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/BeyondEarth_Unknown_960.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Não seria divertido colorir o universo? Se você achar que sim, aceite essa famosa ilustração astronomica como substituto preliminar. Voce, seus amigos, pais ou filhos podem imprimi-la, ou até colori-la digitalmente. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Ao colorir, voce talvez tivesse a curiosidade de saber que, muito embora essa ilustração tenha aparecido em varios lugares nos ultimos 100 anos, o nome do artista que a fez ainda é deconhecido. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Além do mais, a obra não tem um nome aceito — que tal pensar em um bom nome? A ilustração, que apareceu pela primeira vez em um livro de Camille Flammarion, em 1888, é frequentemente utilizada para mostrar que os atuais conceitos da humanidade são susceiveis de ser suplantados por verdades maiores.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Wouldn't it be fun to color in the universe? If you think so, please accept this famous astronomical illustration as a preliminary substitute. You, your friends, your parents or children, can print it out or even color it digitally. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">While coloring, you might be interested to know that even though this illustration has appeared in numerous places over the past 100 years, the actual artist remains unknown. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Furthermore, the work has no accepted name -- can you think of a good one? The illustration, first appearing in a book by Camille Flammarion in 1888, is used frequently to show that humanity's present concepts are susceptible to being supplanted by greater truths.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-14560063860730216992020-03-31T09:12:00.001-03:002020-03-31T09:12:09.317-03:00The Galactic Center from Radio to X-ray | O centro galactico desde a frequencia de ondas de raio até a de raios-X<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-25n2q0r5YHI/XoMl07RBaoI/AAAAAAABgz8/wLyA3sxO-9Ec5I5dyg4maW0ZlevFPvXPACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/GalCenterRadXray_NASA_1080.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="746" data-original-width="1080" height="442" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-25n2q0r5YHI/XoMl07RBaoI/AAAAAAABgz8/wLyA3sxO-9Ec5I5dyg4maW0ZlevFPvXPACLcBGAsYHQ/s640/GalCenterRadXray_NASA_1080.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">De quantas formas o centro da nossa galaxia brilha? Esta região enigmatica, distante cerca de 26.000 anos-luz, na direção da constelação do Arqueiro (Sagitario), brilha em todos os tipos de luz que conseguimos ver. Nesta imagem, emissões de raios X de alta energia capturadas pelo Observatorio Orbital Chandra de Raios-X, da NASA, aparecem em verde e azul, enquanto emissões de rádio de baixa energia capturadas pelo conjunto de telescopios </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">MeerKAT</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"> da SARAO baseados em solo são coloridas de vermelho. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">Logo à direita da colorida região central situa-se Sagitario A (Sag A), uma forte fonte de emissões de radio que coincide com Sag A*, o buraco negro supermassivo central de nossa galaxia. Gas quente circunda Sag A, assim como uma serie de filamentos de radio paralelos chamados o Arco, vistos logo à esquerda do centro da imagem. Numerosos e incomuns filamentos individuais de radio são visiveis ao redor da imagem. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">Muitas estrelas orbitam em Sag A, e ao seu redor, assim como numerosos pequenos buracos negros e densos nucleos estelares conhecidos como estrelas de neutrons, e anãs brancas. O buraco negro supermassivo central da Via Lactea está atualmente sendo fotografado pelo Telescopio Horizonte de </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">Eventos</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">.</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">In how many ways does the center of our Galaxy glow? This enigmatic region, about 26,000 light years away toward the constellation of the Archer (Sagittarius), glows in every type of light that we can see. In the featured image, high-energy X-ray emission captured by NASA's orbiting Chandra X-Ray Observatory appears in green and blue, while low-energy radio emission captured by SARAO's ground-based MeerKAT telescope array is colored red. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Just on the right of the colorful central region lies Sagittarius A (Sag A), a strong radio source that coincides with Sag A*, our Galaxy's central supermassive black hole. Hot gas surrounds Sag A, as well as a series of parallel radio filaments known as the Arc, seen just left of the image center. Numerous unusual single radio filaments are visible around the image. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Many stars orbit in and around Sag A, as well as numerous small black holes and dense stellar cores known as neutron stars and white dwarfs. The Milky Way's central supermassive black hole is currently being imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-11043666368143758162020-03-30T10:34:00.001-03:002020-03-30T10:34:36.290-03:00The Colors of Saturn from Cassini | As cores de Saturno visto pela Cassini<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jh4hNuhprIw/XoHUYApLRpI/AAAAAAABgyA/qOWXFDdnt4w3R5Sid--AX0HYDbYqrxHYwCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/SaturnColors_CassiniSchmidt_960.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="794" data-original-width="960" height="528" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jh4hNuhprIw/XoHUYApLRpI/AAAAAAABgyA/qOWXFDdnt4w3R5Sid--AX0HYDbYqrxHYwCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/SaturnColors_CassiniSchmidt_960.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">O que cria as cores de Saturno? Esta foto de Saturno acentua apenas ligeiramente o que uma pessoa veria se estivesse pairando próxima ao gigantesco planeta anelado. A foto foi tirada em 2005 pela espaçonave robotica Cassini, que orbitou Saturno entre 2004 e 2017. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Aqui, os majestosos aneis de Saturno aparecem diretamente como uma linha curva, de aparencia marrom, em parte por conta de seu brilho em infravermelho. Os aneis revelam melhor sua complexa estrutura em meio a sombras escuras que eles criam atraves da parte superior do planeta. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">O hemisferio norte de Saturno pode parecer parcialmente azul pela mesma razão que o ceu da Terra o faz — as moleculas nas partes sem nuvens das atmosferas de ambos os planetas espalham melhor a luz azul do que a vermelha. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">No entanto, quando se olha as profundezas das nuvens de Saturno, o tom dourado natural das suas nuvens torna-se predominante. Não se sabe por que o sul de Saturno não apresenta o mesmo tom azul — uma das hipoteses é a de que as nuvens são mais altas ali. Tampouco se sabe por que algumas das nuvens de Saturno têm a cor dourada.</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">What creates Saturn's colors? The featured picture of Saturn only slightly exaggerates what a human would see if hovering close to the giant ringed world. The image was taken in 2005 by the robot Cassini spacecraft that orbited Saturn from 2004 to 2017. Here Saturn's majestic rings appear directly only as a curved line, appearing brown, in part, from its infrared glow. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The rings best show their complex structure in the dark shadows they create across the upper part of the planet. The northern hemisphere of Saturn can appear partly blue for the same reason that Earth's skies can appear blue -- molecules in the cloudless portions of both planet's atmospheres are better at scattering blue light than red. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">When looking deep into Saturn's clouds, however, the natural gold hue of Saturn's clouds becomes dominant. It is not known why southern Saturn does not show the same blue hue -- one hypothesis holds that clouds are higher there. It is also not known why some of Saturn's clouds are colored gold.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-80152575312456869792020-03-29T18:00:00.001-03:002020-03-29T18:00:24.516-03:00A 212-Hour Exposure of Orion | Exposição de Orion de 212 horas <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-f_9gy0Ukgpk/XoDk17_z9AI/AAAAAAABguw/mqI1sSyk9D4g_vJYSWzE48wbhX5PECCFACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/Orion212_Volskiy_960_annotated%2B%25281%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="831" data-original-width="960" height="554" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-f_9gy0Ukgpk/XoDk17_z9AI/AAAAAAABguw/mqI1sSyk9D4g_vJYSWzE48wbhX5PECCFACLcBGAsYHQ/s640/Orion212_Volskiy_960_annotated%2B%25281%2529.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A constelação de Orion é muito mais que três estrelas enfileiradas. Ela é uma direção no espaço, rica em impressionantes nebulosas. Para melhor apreciar este bem conhecido trecho de ceu, uma exposição extremamente longa foi registrada ao longo de varias noites de ceu limpido, em 2013 e 2014. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Após 212 horas de tempo de exposição de camera e mais um ano de processamento, esta montagem de 1400 exposições que se espalha por mais de 40 vezes o diamento angular da Lua emergida. Dos muitos detalhes interessantes que se tornaram visiveis, um quet particularmente atrai os olhares é o Laço de Barnard, o brilhante filamento circular vermelho formando um arco do meio para baixo. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A Nebulosa da Roseta não é a nebulosa gigante vermelha proxima ao topo da imagem — esta é uma nebulosa maior, porém menos conhecida: Lambda Orionis. No entanto, a </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Nebulosa</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> da </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Roseta é visivel: é a nebulosa vermelha e branca no canto superior esquerdo. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A brihante estrela cor de laranja logo acima do centro da imagem é Betelgeuse, e a estrela brilhante azul, no canto inferior direito é Rigel. Entre outras nebulosas famosas visiveis nesta imagem há a Nebulosa da Cabeça de Bruxa, a Nebulosa da Chama, a Nebulosa do Pêlo de Raposa e, sabendo-se exatamente onde olhar, a comparativamente pesquena Nebulosa da Cabeça de Cavalo. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Com relação àquelas três estrelas famosas que cruzam o cinturão de Orion, o Caçador — neta foto tumultuada elas podem ser dificeis de encontrar, mas um olhar atento permitirá encontrá-las logo abaixo e à direita do centro da imagem.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The constellation of Orion is much more than three stars in a row. It is a direction in space that is rich with impressive nebulas. To better appreciate this well-known swath of sky, an extremely long exposure was taken over many clear nights in 2013 and 2014. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">After 212 hours of camera time and an additional year of processing, the featured 1400-exposure collage spanning over 40 times the angular diameter of the Moon emerged. Of the many interesting details that have become visible, one that particularly draws the eye is Barnard's Loop, the bright red circular filament arcing down from the middle. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Rosette Nebula is not the giant red nebula near the top of the image -- that is a larger but lesser known nebula known as Lambda Orionis. The Rosette Nebula is visible, though: it is the red and white nebula on the upper left. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The bright orange star just above the frame center is Betelgeuse, while the bright blue star on the lower right is Rigel. Other famous nebulas visible include the Witch Head Nebula, the Flame Nebula, the Fox Fur Nebula, and, if you know just where to look, the comparatively small Horsehead Nebula. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">About those famous three stars that cross the belt of Orion the Hunter -- in this busy frame they can be hard to locate, but a discerning eye will find them just below and to the right of the image center.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-80126144575463611112020-03-27T19:23:00.000-03:002020-03-27T19:23:26.339-03:00Andromeda Station | Estação Andromeda<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-5PmFE1AbRLA/XnyY_PYs99I/AAAAAAABgkc/IofGP1HVlSEIpO10mDTTt-GV51Qff646ACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/AndromedaStation1049.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1049" data-original-width="800" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-5PmFE1AbRLA/XnyY_PYs99I/AAAAAAABgkc/IofGP1HVlSEIpO10mDTTt-GV51Qff646ACLcBGAsYHQ/s640/AndromedaStation1049.jpg" width="488" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Esta foto surreal não é efeitos especiais de um filme de ficção cientifica. Trata-se de uma composição digital de quadros da real galaxia de Andromeda, tambem chamada M31, sobre uma montanha real. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Exposições acompanhando a galaxia e estrelas no plano de fundo foram digitalmente combinadas com exposições separadas do terreno em primeiro plano. Todas as exposições de plano de fundo e primeiro plano foram feitas em sucessão com a mesma camera e lentes telefoto, na mesma noite e da mesma localidade. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Na combinação de "Deepscape" (Paisagem Profunda) elas produzem uma imagem impressionante que revela uma gama de intensidades de brilho e cores que os olhos não consegue ver sozinho. Ainda assim, parece ser possivel alguém subir por essa montanha num bondinho e desembarcar da estação bem ao lado de Andromeda. Mas, estando distante da Terra 2,5 milhões de anos-luz, a bela galaxia espiral está um tanto fora de alcance para se chegar até lá. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Mas não se preocupe. Basta esperar por 5 bilhões de anos e a galaxia de Andromeda chegará até você. Esta Estação Andromeda é mais conhecida como Weisshorn, o mais alto pico na região do ceu em Arosa, Suíça.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">This surreal picture isn't from a special effects sci-fi movie. It is a digital composite of frames of the real Andromeda Galaxy, also known as M31, rising over a real mountain. Exposures tracking the galaxy and background stars have been digitally combined with separate exposures of the foreground terrain. All background and foreground exposures were made back to back with the same camera and telephoto lens on the same night from the same location. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In the "Deepscape" combination they produce a stunning image that reveals a range of brightness and color that your eye can't quite see on its own. Still, it does look like you could ride a cable car up this mountain and get off at the station right next to Andromeda. But at 2.5 million light-years from Earth the big beautiful spiral galaxy really is a little out of reach as a destination. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Don't worry, though. Just wait 5 billion years and the Andromeda Galaxy will come to you. This Andromeda Station is better known as Weisshorn, the highest peak of the ski area in Arosa, Switzerland.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-86158453718158134132020-03-25T15:58:00.003-03:002020-03-25T15:58:37.331-03:00A Black Hole Disrupts a Passing Star | Um buraco negro despedaça uma estrela passante<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GedZ0GZERH4/Xnniub6lDgI/AAAAAAABgeI/B-LD-8yUUnowvGzAWJe2czU3fQeb8WtJQCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/BhShredder_NASA_1080.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="608" data-original-width="1080" height="360" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GedZ0GZERH4/Xnniub6lDgI/AAAAAAABgeI/B-LD-8yUUnowvGzAWJe2czU3fQeb8WtJQCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/BhShredder_NASA_1080.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">O que acontece com uma estrela que se aproxime de um buraco negro? Se a estrela colidir diretamente com um buraco negro de grande massa, cairá dentro dele — e tudo desaparecerá. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Mais provavemente, no entanto, a estrela se aproximará o suficiente para que a gravidade do buraco negro arranque suas camadas mais externas, ou a despedace. Então, a maior parte do gas da estrela não cai no buraco negro. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Esses eventos de disrupção de maré gravitacional podem ser tão intensamente brilhantes quanto uma supernova, e uma quantidade crescete deles está sendo descoberta través de pesquisas celestes automatizadas. Nesta ilustração artistica, uma estrela acaba de passar por um buraco negro de grande massa, lançando gas que continua em orbita. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A borda interna de um disco de gas e poeira circundando o buraco negro é aquecida pelo evento de disrupção, e poderá brilhar durante muito tempo depois que a estrela se for.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">What happens to a star that goes near a black hole? If the star directly impacts a massive black hole, then the star falls in completely -- and everything vanishes. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">More likely, though, the star goes close enough to have the black hole's gravity pull away the outer layers of the star, or disrupt the star. Then most of the star's gas does not fall into the black hole. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">These stellar tidal disruption events can be as bright as a supernova, and an increasing amount of them are being discovered by automated sky surveys. In the featured artist's illustration, a star has just passed a massive black hole and sheds gas that continues to orbit. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The inner edge of a disk of gas and dust surrounding the black hole is heated by the disruption event and may glow long after the star is gone.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-34482361213412501082020-03-25T15:12:00.002-03:002020-03-25T15:12:52.873-03:00Star Forming Region S106 | A região de formação estelar S106<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jv1SvitDjf0/XntCGZ_pl7I/AAAAAAABghs/kqmCsFP1iOgMerk7I5bkudBsk7m8XYXJwCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/S106_Mishra_960.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="726" data-original-width="960" height="484" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jv1SvitDjf0/XntCGZ_pl7I/AAAAAAABghs/kqmCsFP1iOgMerk7I5bkudBsk7m8XYXJwCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/S106_Mishra_960.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A grande estrela IRS 4 está começando a abrir suas asas. Formada há apenas uns 100.000 anos, o material que flui desta estrela recém-nascida formou a nebulosa denominada Sharpless 2-106 Nebulosa (S106), aqui mostrada. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Um grande disco de poeira e gas orbitando a Fonte Infravermelha 4 (IRS 4), visivel em marrom perto do centro da imagem, dá à nebulosa um formato de ampulheta ou borboleta. O gás de S106 proximo a IRS 4 atua como uma nebulosa de emissões ao emitir luz após ser ionizado, enquanto a poeira distante de IRS 4 reflete a luz da estrela central, e, assim, atua como uma nebulosa de reflexão. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A inspeção detalhada de uma relevante imagem em infravermelho de S106 revela centenas de estrelas anãs marrons de pouca massa escondendo-se no gas da nebulosa. S106 estende-se por cerca de 2 anos-luz e situa-se a uns 2.000 anos-luz de distancia, na direção da constelação do Cisne (Cygnus).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Massive star IRS 4 is beginning to spread its wings. Born only about 100,000 years ago, material streaming out from this newborn star has formed the nebula dubbed Sharpless 2-106 Nebula (S106), featured here. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A large disk of dust and gas orbiting Infrared Source 4 (IRS 4), visible in brown near the image center, gives the nebula an hourglass or butterfly shape. S106 gas near IRS 4 acts as an emission nebula as it emits light after being ionized, while dust far from IRS 4 reflects light from the central star and so acts as a reflection nebula. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Detailed inspection of a relevant infrared image of S106 reveal hundreds of low-mass brown dwarf stars lurking in the nebula's gas. S106 spans about 2 light-years and lies about 2000 light-years away toward the constellation of the Swan (Cygnus).</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-33043465226791382612020-03-23T09:26:00.002-03:002020-03-23T09:26:36.384-03:00From the Pleiades to the Eridanus Loop | Das Pleiades ao Laço de Eridani<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TwuzQpejGoM/XniODU5xhYI/AAAAAAABgZs/CUv61L8JLcIIrv-x8CJJ2ytWW_gn3jpSACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/Taurus2Eridanus_Okubo_960.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="848" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TwuzQpejGoM/XniODU5xhYI/AAAAAAABgZs/CUv61L8JLcIIrv-x8CJJ2ytWW_gn3jpSACLcBGAsYHQ/s640/Taurus2Eridanus_Okubo_960.jpg" width="338" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Se voce olhar para um interessante trecho do ceu por tempo suficiente, ele irá parecer diferente? No caso dos aglomerados estelares das Pleiades e Híades — e regiões no seu entorno — a resposta é: sim, bastante diferente. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Exposições de camrea de longa duração revelam uma intrincada rede interestelar entrelaçada de poeira e gas, anteriormente invisivel não só a olho nu, mas também em imagens de tempos de exposição mais curtos. Neste amplo e profundo mosaico, a poeira sobressai espectacularmente, com o familiar aglomerado estelar das Pleaides como o trecho azul proximo ao topo da imagem. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Azul é a cor das estrelas mais massivas de Pleiades, cuja luz distintiva se reflete da fina poeira das proximidades. No canto superior esquerdo está o aglomerado estelar das Híades circundando Aldebaran, a brilhante estrela alaranjada em primeiro plano. Nebulosas de emissões brilhando em vermelho destacam a parte inferior da imagem, inclusive a fita vermelha vertical curva chamada o Laço de Eridani. As penetrantes nuvens de poeira que aparecem tipicamente na cor marrom claro são pontilhadas por estrelas não relatadas.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">If you stare at an interesting patch of sky long enough, will it look different? In the case of Pleiades and Hyades star clusters -- and surrounding regions -- the answer is: yes, pretty different. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Long duration camera exposures reveal an intricate network of interwoven interstellar dust and gas that was previously invisible not only to the eye but to lower exposure images. In the featured wide and deep mosaic, the dust stands out spectacularly, with the familiar Pleaides star cluster visible as the blue patch near the top of the image. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Blue is the color of the Pleiades' most massive stars, whose distinctive light reflects from nearby fine dust. On the upper left is the Hyades star cluster surrounding the bright, orange, foreground-star Aldebaran. Red glowing emission nebula highlight the bottom of the image, including the curving vertical red ribbon known as the Eridanus Loop. The pervasive dust clouds appear typically in light brown and are dotted with unrelated stars.</span><br />
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-72014111406273383312020-03-23T09:07:00.000-03:002020-03-23T09:07:01.952-03:00Wide Field: Fox Fur, Unicorn, and Christmas Tree | Grande angular: Pêlo de Raposa, Unicornio e Arvore de Natale<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6D3Ogfznveo/XmgZ-BhLf7I/AAAAAAABfuE/perrwK8Dnv0nsBQ7mMBmaHahsADx7xR5wCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/ConeTreeWide_Gurdak_960.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="847" data-original-width="960" height="564" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6D3Ogfznveo/XmgZ-BhLf7I/AAAAAAABfuE/perrwK8Dnv0nsBQ7mMBmaHahsADx7xR5wCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/ConeTreeWide_Gurdak_960.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">O que esssas coisas têm em comum: um cone, o pêlo de uma raposa e uma Árvore de Natal? Resposta: todas elas ocorrem na constelação do Unicornio (Monoceros). Fotografado como uma região de formação estelar e catalogado como NGC 2264, o complexo amontoado de gas e poeira cosmica está distante cerca de 2.700 anos-luz, e mistura nebulosas vermelhas de emissão excitadas por luz energetica de estrelas recem-formadas com escuras nuvens de poeira interestelar. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Embora as normalmente obsecurecedoras nuvens de poeira situem-se proximas às estrelas jovens e quentes, elas tambem refletem a luz solar, formando nebulosas de reflexão azuis. Esta imagem grande angular estende-se por tres vezes o diametro da Lua cheia, cobrindo mais de 100 anos-luz à distancia de NGC 2264. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Entre seu elenco de caracteres cosmicos incluem-se a Nebulosa do Pêlo de Raposa, cuja pelagem embolada<b> </b>situa-se logo à direita da parte inferior do centro da imagem, a brilhante estrela variavel S Mon visivel logo acima do Pêlo de Raposa, e a nebulosa do Cone, logo à esquerda. Dada sua distribuição, as estrelas de NGC 2264 são também chamadas o aglomerado estelar da Arvore de Natal.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">What do the following things have in common: a cone, the fur of a fox, and a Christmas tree? Answer: they all occur in the constellation of the unicorn (Monoceros). Pictured as a star forming region and cataloged as NGC 2264, the complex jumble of cosmic gas and dust is about 2,700 light-years distant and mixes reddish emission nebulae excited by energetic light from newborn stars with dark interstellar dust clouds. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Where the otherwise obscuring dust clouds lie close to the hot, young stars they also reflect starlight, forming blue reflection nebulae. The featured wide-field image spans over three times the diameter of a full moon, covering over 100 light-years at the distance of NGC 2264. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Its cast of cosmic characters includes the Fox Fur Nebula, whose convoluted pelt lies just to the lower right of the image center, bright variable star S Mon visible just above the Fox Fur, and the Cone Nebula just to the left. Given their distribution, the stars of NGC 2264 are also known as the Christmas Tree star cluster.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-52591058209889457582020-03-22T13:31:00.001-03:002020-03-22T13:31:05.493-03:00Moon Setting Behind Teide Volcano | A Lua se pondo atras do Vulcão Teide <iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="540" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/afHfMMC-MJE" width="960"></iframe><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Essas pessoas não estão em perigo. O que vem descendo pela esquerda é apenas a Lua, ao longe. A Lua parece tão grande porque esta sendo fotografada através de lentes telescopicas. O que está se movendo é basicamente a Terra, cuja rotação faz a Lua desaparecer lentamente atras do Montet Teide, um vulcão nas Ilhas Canarias, ao largo da costa noroeste da Africa. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">As pessoas fotografadas estão distantes 16 quilometros, e muitas delas estão de frente para a camera porque estão observando o Sol nascer atras do fotografo. Não se trata de uma coincidencia o fato de a Lua cheia nascer justamente quando o Sol se põe, porque ele está sempre no lado oposto do ceu em relação à Lua cheia. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Este video foi feito dois anos atras, durante a Lua Cheia Leitosa. O video não é de lapso temporal — foi nesta velocidade mesmo que a Lua se pôs.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">These people are not in danger. What is coming down from the left is just the Moon, far in the distance. Luna appears so large here because she is being photographed through a telescopic lens. What is moving is mostly the Earth, whose spin causes the Moon to slowly disappear behind Mount Teide, a volcano in the Canary Islands off the northwest coast of Africa. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The people pictured are 16 kilometers away and many are facing the camera because they are watching the Sun rise behind the photographer. It is not a coincidence that a full moon rises just when the Sun sets because the Sun is always on the opposite side of the sky from a full moon. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The featured video was made two years ago during the full Milk Moon. The video is not time-lapse -- this was really how fast the Moon was setting.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-84180802430854697442020-03-22T13:18:00.001-03:002020-03-22T13:18:33.551-03:00Moonrise and Mountain Shadow | Nascer-da-lua e sombra da montanha<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-fUWExadNdm8/XmzZIuga1LI/AAAAAAABf3o/Xc0o5EIvaT8ID1SyahDNfeUzdmdBSzNpACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/MoonriseShadowDLopez_1024.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="668" data-original-width="1024" height="416" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-fUWExadNdm8/XmzZIuga1LI/AAAAAAABf3o/Xc0o5EIvaT8ID1SyahDNfeUzdmdBSzNpACLcBGAsYHQ/s640/MoonriseShadowDLopez_1024.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Qual fase da Lua está a 3,14 radianos do Sol? É a Lua Cheia, claro. Muito embora a Lua possa parecer cheia durante varios dias, ela estará realmente em sua fase cheia quando estiver 3,14 radianos (ou 180 graus) do Sol em longitude ecliptica. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Isso é o oposto ao Sol no ceu do planeta Terra. Elevando-se no ceu enquanto o Sol se põe, em 9 de março, apenas cerca de uma hora apos o momento de sua fase cheia, esta Lua cor de laranja e ligeiramente achatada ainda parecia cheia. Ela foi fotografada em oposição ao Sol poente a partir do Parque Nacional Teide, na Ilha Canaria de Tenerife. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Também oposta ao Sol poente, vista de perto do pico do vulcão Teide, cerca de 3.500 metros acima do nivel, está a sombra triangular ascendente da montanha estendo-se para a densa atmosfera da Terra. Abaixo da distante linha da cordilheira, à esquerda, estão os domos telescopicos brancos do Observatorio Teide.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">What phase of the Moon is 3.14 radians from the Sun? The Full Moon, of course. Even though the Moon might look full for several days, the Moon is truly at its full phase when it is 3.14 radians (aka 180 degrees) from the Sun in ecliptic longitude. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">That's opposite the Sun in planet Earth's sky. Rising as the Sun set on March 9, only an hour or so after the moment of its full phase, this orange tinted and slightly flattened Moon still looked full. It was photographed opposite the setting Sun from Teide National Park on the Canary Island of Tenerife. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Also opposite the setting Sun, seen from near the Teide volcano peak about 3,500 meters above sea level, is the mountain's rising triangular shadow extending into Earth's dense atmosphere. Below the distant ridge line on the left are the white telescope domes of Teide Observatory.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-28939906461982058252020-03-22T12:58:00.003-03:002020-03-22T12:58:48.775-03:00The Snows of Churyumov-Gerasimenko | As neves de Churyumov-Gerasimenko<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="540" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/PpyPgJHKxSw" width="960"></iframe><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Você não poderia de verdade ser pego nesta nevasca ao se postar em uma escarpa no Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Orbitando o cometa — frequentemente abreviado como 67P ou CG — em junho de 2016, a camera de angulo estreito da espaçonave Rosetta registrou trilhas de poeira e particulas de gelo — similar a neve — quando vagavam atraves do campo de visãon proximo à camera e acima da superficie do cometa. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">No entato, alguns dos brilhantes pontos nesta cena devem-se, provavelmente, a uma chuva de particulas energizadas de carrregadas ou a raios cosmicos atingindo a camera, e o denso plano de fundo de estrelas na direção da constelação do Cão Maior (Canis Major). </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Neste video, essas estrelas de fundo são facilmente notadas trilhando do topo para baixo. O impressionante video foi montado a partir de 33 imagens consecutivas obtidas ao logo de 25 minutos, enquanto a Rosetta cruzava a cerca de 13 quilometros do nucleo do cometa.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">You couldn't really be caught in this blizzard while standing by a cliff on Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Orbiting the comet -- frequently abbreviated as 67P or CG -- in June of 2016, the Rosetta spacecraft's narrow angle camera did record streaks of dust and ice particles -- similar to snow -- as they drifted across the field of view near the camera and above the comet's surface. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Some of the bright specks in the scene, however, are likely due to a rain of energetic charged particles or cosmic rays hitting the camera, and the dense background of stars in the direction of the constellation of the Big Dog (Canis Major). </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In the featured video, these background stars are easy to spot trailing from top to bottom. The stunning movie was constructed from 33 consecutive images taken over 25 minutes while Rosetta cruised some 13 kilometers from the comet's nucleus.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-8458554525213070232020-03-22T12:47:00.001-03:002020-03-22T12:47:09.982-03:00Falcon 9 Boostback | Retropropulsão do Falcon 9 <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-kQdgAxLcRH8/XmoQOtxnSEI/AAAAAAABfxQ/KLJ-gr9LadMIkG8RxO-rsFA2CWdRtuqewCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/crs20_boostback1024.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="683" data-original-width="1024" height="426" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-kQdgAxLcRH8/XmoQOtxnSEI/AAAAAAABfxQ/KLJ-gr9LadMIkG8RxO-rsFA2CWdRtuqewCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/crs20_boostback1024.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Curtas trihas de estrelas aparecem nesta exposição unica de 84 segundos de duração, obtida em 6 de março em um planeta giratorio. A cena impressionante também mostra o voo de um foguete Falcon 9 e uma espaçonave cargueira Dragon sobre a Base da Força Aerea em Cabo Canaveral, logo após o lançamento, em uma missão de reabastecimento a caminho da </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Estação </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Espacial </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Internacional. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Iniciando seu retorno a uma zona de pouso distante cerca de 9 quilometros do local de lançamento, a a chama da queima do primeiro estagio do modulo de desaceleração do Falcon 9 forma um arco em direção ao topo da imagem. O segundo estagio continua em direção à orbita baixa da Terra, seu arco de fogo formou um traçado abaixo do da queima de retropropulsão do primeiro estagio, da perspectiva da camera, juntamente com colunas de fumaça em expansão originadas pelos dois estagios. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Essa espaçonave Dragon foi uma veterana de duas missões de reabastecimento anteriores. Este primeiro estagio do Falcon 9 retornou à zona de pouso em segurança, e já havia voado antes. Seu segundo pouco marcou o 50º pouso de um modulo de propulsão SpaceX de classe orbital.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunham</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Short star trails appear in this single 84 second long exposure, taken on March 6 from a rotating planet. The remarkable scene also captures the flight of a Falcon 9 rocket and Dragon cargo spacecraft over Cape Canaveral Air Force Station shortly after launch, on a resupply mission bound for the International Space Station. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Beginning its return to a landing zone about 9 kilometers from the launch site, the Falcon 9 first stage boostback burn arcs toward the top of the frame. The second stage continues toward low Earth orbit though, its own fiery arc traced below the first stage boostback burn from the camera's perspective, along with expanding exhaust plumes from the two stages. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">This Dragon spacecraft was a veteran of two previous resupply missions. Successfully returning to the landing zone, this Falcon 9 first stage had flown before too. Its second landing marked the 50th landing of a SpaceX orbital class rocket booster.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-17628588895216972482020-03-22T12:32:00.002-03:002020-03-22T12:32:46.102-03:00M77: Spiral Galaxy with an Active Center | M77: Galaxia espiral com um centro ativo<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-PfOCoY3LaBI/XnCwe8lL6VI/AAAAAAABgAY/GC4xfbx4qp4YOfOEJlPdw4hMwF0Ja0fJwCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/M77Halpha_HubbleSchmidt_960.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="960" height="468" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-PfOCoY3LaBI/XnCwe8lL6VI/AAAAAAABgAY/GC4xfbx4qp4YOfOEJlPdw4hMwF0Ja0fJwCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/M77Halpha_HubbleSchmidt_960.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">O que está acontecendo no centro da galaxia espiral proxima M77? A galaxia, vista de frente, situa-se a apenas 47 milhões de anos-luz, na direção da constelação do Monstro Marinho (Cetus). </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Àquela distancia estimada, esta deslumbrante universo-ilha tem cerca de 100 mil anos-luz de diametro. Também chamada NGC 1068, seu nucleo compacto e muito brilhante é bem estudado por astronomos que exploram os misterios dos buracos negros supermassivos em galaxias Seyfert ativas. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">M77 e seu nucleo ativo brilham intensamente em comprimentos de onda de raios x, ultravioleta, luz visivel, infravermelho e radio. A nitida imagem de M77 foi registrada pelo Hubble , sendo dominatda pela (visivel) luz vermelha emitida por hidrogenio. A imagem mostra detalhes dos braços enrolados da espiral, conforme traçados por nuvens de poeira obscurecedoras e regiões de formação estelar de tons avermelhados proximos ao luminoso nucleo da galaxia.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">What's happening in the center of nearby spiral galaxy M77? The face-on galaxy lies a mere 47 million light-years away toward the constellation of the Sea Monster (Cetus). </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">At that estimated distance, this gorgeous island universe is about 100 thousand light-years across. Also known as NGC 1068, its compact and very bright core is well studied by astronomers exploring the mysteries of supermassive black holes in active Seyfert galaxies. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">M77 and its active core glows bright at x-ray, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, and radio wavelengths. The featured sharp image of M77 was taken by the Hubble Space Telescope and is dominated by the (visible) red light emitted by hydrogen. The image shows details of the spiral's winding spiral arms as traced by obscuring dust clouds, and red-tinted star forming regions close in to the galaxy's luminous core.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-29343831035336354782020-03-22T12:05:00.002-03:002020-03-22T12:05:09.899-03:00M13: The Great Globular Cluster in Hercules | M13: O Grande Aglomerado Globular em Hercules<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-cyzP_Ke3Ios/XnM2IuO6EPI/AAAAAAABgHg/-8a8C1HdnV0ogV5aCkIsSLiS4alJX2RnACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/Messier13_HelmColes1024.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="905" data-original-width="1024" height="564" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-cyzP_Ke3Ios/XnM2IuO6EPI/AAAAAAABgHg/-8a8C1HdnV0ogV5aCkIsSLiS4alJX2RnACLcBGAsYHQ/s640/Messier13_HelmColes1024.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Em 1716, o astronomo ingles Edmond Halley comentou, "This is but a little Patch, but it shews itself to the naked Eye, when the Sky is serene and the Moon absent." Of course, M13 is now less modestly recognized as the Great Globular Cluster in Hercules, one of the brightest globular star clusters in the northern sky. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Nitidas vistas telescopicas como essa revelam os espetaculares centenas de milhares de estrelas do aglomerado. A uma distancia de 25.000 anos-luz, as estrelas do aglomerado se amontoam em uma região com 150 anos-luz de diametro. Aproximando-se do nucleo do aglomerado, mais de 100 estrelas podem ser contidas em um cubo de apenas 3 anos-luz de um lado. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Para efeito de comparação, a estrela mais proxima do Sol está distante mais de 4 anos-luz. A notavel gama de intensidades de brilho registrada nesta imagem segue as estrelas até o denso nucleo do aglomerado, e revela tres sutis trilhas de poeira compondo a forma aparente de uma helice, logo abaixo e ligeiramente à esquerda do centro. Entre as distantes galaxias no plano de fundo no campo de visão de media amplitude inclui-se NGC 6207, no canto superior esquerdo.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In 1716, English astronomer Edmond Halley noted, "This is but a little Patch, but it shews itself to the naked Eye, when the Sky is serene and the Moon absent." Of course, M13 is now less modestly recognized as the Great Globular Cluster in Hercules, one of the brightest globular star clusters in the northern sky. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Sharp telescopic views like this one reveal the spectacular cluster's hundreds of thousands of stars. At a distance of 25,000 light-years, the cluster stars crowd into a region 150 light-years in diameter. Approaching the cluster core upwards of 100 stars could be contained in a cube just 3 light-years on a side. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">For comparison, the closest star to the Sun is over 4 light-years away. The remarkable range of brightness recorded in this image follows stars into the dense cluster core and reveals three subtle dark lanes forming the apparent shape of a propeller just below and slightly left of center. Distant background galaxies in the medium-wide field of view include NGC 6207 at the upper left.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-75897319659380933272020-03-22T11:13:00.000-03:002020-03-22T11:13:01.802-03:00Anticrepuscular Rays over Florida | Raios anticrepusculares sobre a Florida<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-U_vTJRp9laI/XnH8hWGzWRI/AAAAAAABgD8/K-Y0-KmRQWUa3BSYDCyp0RPpuz8SUEChwCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/AntiCrepRays_Goff_960.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="960" height="426" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-U_vTJRp9laI/XnH8hWGzWRI/AAAAAAABgD8/K-Y0-KmRQWUa3BSYDCyp0RPpuz8SUEChwCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/AntiCrepRays_Goff_960.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">O que está acontecendo atrás daquelas nuvens? Embora a cena possa parecer algo sobrenatural, nada de incomum está ocorrendo; trata-se do Sol se pondo no outro lado do ceu. O que se ve na foto são raios anticrepusculares. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Para compreendê-los, comece imaginando os raios crepusculares comuns que são visiveis sempre que a luz solar aparecer através de nuvens difusas. Mas, embora a luz solar de fato viaje por linhas retas, as projeções dessas linhas no ceu esferico são grandes circulos. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Portanto, os raios crepusculares do Sol poente (ou nascente) irão parecer reconvergir no outro lado do firmamento. No ponto antissolar, 180 graus ao redor, a partir do Sol, eles são referidos como raios anticrepusculares. Na foto, uma aparição particularmente impressionante de raios anticrepusculares, fotografada em 2016 sobre o Parque Nacional Dry Tortugas, na Florida, EUA.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">What's happening behind those clouds? Although the scene may appear somehow supernatural, nothing more unusual is occurring than a Sun setting on the other side of the sky. Pictured here are anticrepuscular rays. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">To understand them, start by picturing common crepuscular rays that are seen any time that sunlight pours though scattered clouds. Now although sunlight indeed travels along straight lines, the projections of these lines onto the spherical sky are great circles. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Therefore, the crepuscular rays from a setting (or rising) sun will appear to re-converge on the other side of the sky. At the anti-solar point 180 degrees around from the Sun, they are referred to as anticrepuscular rays. Featured here is a particularly striking display of anticrepuscular rays photographed in 2016 over Dry Tortugas National Park in Florida, USA.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-50191510785233796742020-03-21T21:01:00.001-03:002020-03-21T21:01:19.566-03:00Comet ATLAS and the Mighty Galaxies | O Cometa ATLAS e as grandes Galaxias<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-SwWGba67AV4/XnafhnjW2mI/AAAAAAABgUc/qH4D5QQvVUcIrRNMQDWm8aYAvcXCrgEUwCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/C2019Y4_200318_FB1024.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="683" data-original-width="1024" height="426" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-SwWGba67AV4/XnafhnjW2mI/AAAAAAABgUc/qH4D5QQvVUcIrRNMQDWm8aYAvcXCrgEUwCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/C2019Y4_200318_FB1024.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">O Cometa ATLAS C/2019 Y4 foi descoberto atraves do telescopio financiado pela NASA Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System, o ultimo cometa descoberto que foi divulgado em 2019. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Agora tornando-se mais brilhante no ceu noturno do norte, a bela cauda esverdeada da cabeleira do cometa está no canto superior esquerdo desta vista telescopica celeste, capturada por um observadorio operado remotamente, no Novo Mexico, em 18 de março. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">No canto inferior direito estão M81 e M82, bastante conhecidas como duas grandes galaxias em interação gravitacional. Seen through faint dust clouds above the Milky Way, the galaxy pair lies about 12 million light-years distant, toward the constellation Ursa Major. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">O Cometa ATLAS, vindo em direção ao Sol, está distante da Terra cerca de 9 minutos-luz, ainda além da orbita de Marte. Entretanto, a orbita alongada do cometa é similar à do Grande Cometa de 1844, uma trajetoria que irá levar esse cometa à região interna do Sistema Solar dentro de cerca de 6.000 anos. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">O Cometa ATLAS irá atingir o perielio, sua maxima aproximação do Sol, em 31 de maio, no interior da orbita de Mercurio, e poderá se tornar uma cometa visivel a olho nu nos proximos dias.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Comet ATLAS C/2019 Y4 was discovered by the NASA funded Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System, the last comet discovery reported in 2019. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Now growing brighter in northern night skies, the comet's pretty greenish coma is at the upper left of this telescopic skyview captured from a remotely operated observatory in New Mexico on March 18. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">At lower right are M81 and M82, well-known as large, gravitationally interacting galaxies. Seen through faint dust clouds above the Milky Way, the galaxy pair lies about 12 million light-years distant, toward the constellation Ursa Major. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In bound Comet ATLAS is about 9 light-minutes from Earth, still beyond the orbit of Mars. The comet's elongated orbit is similar to orbit of the Great Comet of 1844 though, a trajectory that will return this comet to the inner Solar System in about 6,000 years. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Comet ATLAS will reach a perihelion or closest approach to the Sun on May 31 inside the orbit of Mercury and may become a naked-eye comet in the coming days.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-35544327183757052672020-03-21T14:17:00.003-03:002020-03-21T19:40:01.619-03:00Morning, Planets, Moon and Montreal | Amanhecer, planetas, a Lua e Montreal<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-dDhCee6AZiM/XnSwv1qaDbI/AAAAAAABgOo/o-WmEXfwFksYQ5wopyih5jncu3wUFWyiACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/conjonction-montreal-200318_crop1016.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="1016" height="376" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-dDhCee6AZiM/XnSwv1qaDbI/AAAAAAABgOo/o-WmEXfwFksYQ5wopyih5jncu3wUFWyiACLcBGAsYHQ/s640/conjonction-montreal-200318_crop1016.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A luz do alvorecer chegou a Montreal, norte do planeta Terra, em 18 de março, um dia antes do equinocio de primavera no hemisferio norte. Ao final daquela noite de duração quase igual à do dia, a Lua pairava sobre uma densa constelação de luzes urbanas, nesta serena paisagem celeste e urbana. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">É claro que o crescente da Lua minguante está voltado em direção ao Sol nascente. Observadores celestes poderiam facilmente identificar Jupiter logo acima da Lua, proximo no céu a uma Marte mais apagado. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Saturni, um favorito dos observadores com telescopios, é apenas um pontinho de lua abaixo e mais distante, à esquerda da conjunção da Lua, Jupiter e Marte, mais proxima. Proximo ao ecliptico, até mesmo Mercurio está se elevando ao longo de uma linha estendida até o horizonte, de Jupiter e Saturno. O fugidio planeta mais interno, no entanto, está muito proximo do horizonte. e não muito visivel neste ceu matinal.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Dawn's early light came to Montreal, northern planet Earth, on March 18, the day before the vernal equinox. At the end of that nearly equal night the Moon stands above a dense constellation of urban lights in this serene city and skyscape. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Of course the Moon's waning crescent faces toward the rising Sun. Skygazers could easily spot bright Jupiter just above the Moon, close on the sky to a fainter Mars. Saturn, a telescopic favorite, is just a pinprick of light below and farther left of the closer conjunction of Moon, Jupiter and Mars. Near the ecliptic, even Mercury is rising along a line extended to the horizon from Jupiter and Saturn. The elusive inner planet is very close to the horizon though, and not quite visible in this morning's sky.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-56809846323958659372020-03-16T09:21:00.001-03:002020-03-16T09:21:12.273-03:00A Moon Dressed Like Saturn | Uma Lua travestida de Saturno<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-z3XdN4XDg4E/Xm9ixxJPIEI/AAAAAAABf9M/iIiyn5ngPlY-4Jo4fUXFK1TOcrmUtWLnACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/SaturnMoon_Sojuel_960%2B%25281%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1440" data-original-width="960" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-z3XdN4XDg4E/Xm9ixxJPIEI/AAAAAAABf9M/iIiyn5ngPlY-4Jo4fUXFK1TOcrmUtWLnACLcBGAsYHQ/s640/SaturnMoon_Sojuel_960%2B%25281%2529.jpg" width="426" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Por que Saturno parece tão grande? Na verdade, não se trata dele — o que há na foto são nuvens em primeiro plano na Terra passando diante da Lua. A Lua apresenta uma fase ligeiramente crescente, com a maior parte da sua superficie visivel pela luz da Terra refletida, known as ashen glow. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">O Sol ilumina diretamente </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">por baixo o</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"> crescente lunar intensamente brilhante, o que significa que o Sol tem de estar abaixo do horizonte, e, portanto, a imagem foi obtida antes do nascer-do-sol. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">Esta foto indutora, de duas tomadas, foi tirada em 24 de dezembro de 2019, dois dias antes de a Lua passar diante do Sol, criando um eclipse solar. Em primeiro plano, luzes de pequenas cidades da Guatemala são visiveis atrás do enorme vulcão Pacaya.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Why does Saturn appear so big? It doesn't -- what is pictured are foreground clouds on Earth crossing in front of the Moon. The Moon shows a slight crescent phase with most of its surface visible by reflected Earthlight known as ashen glow. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The Sun directly illuminates the brightly lit lunar crescent from the bottom, which means that the Sun must be below the horizon and so the image was taken before sunrise. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">This double take-inducing picture was captured on 2019 December 24, two days before the Moon slid in front of the Sun to create a solar eclipse. In the foreground, lights from small Guatemalan towns are visible behind the huge volcano Pacaya.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-69237152677136418982020-03-15T10:32:00.001-03:002020-03-15T11:43:56.019-03:00An Extreme Black Hole Outburst | Um episodio extremo de explosão de buraco negro<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-iVmfbTHPbGk/XmjnvyWOEdI/AAAAAAABfvU/FVy9m_y8tvc9uyFd5syPoT55AIzW2Hz_ACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/OphGalaxyClusterLabeled_Chandra_960.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="960" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-iVmfbTHPbGk/XmjnvyWOEdI/AAAAAAABfvU/FVy9m_y8tvc9uyFd5syPoT55AIzW2Hz_ACLcBGAsYHQ/s640/OphGalaxyClusterLabeled_Chandra_960.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Astronomos acreditam ter encontrado o mais potente exemplo de explosão de buraco negro até agora observado em nosso Universo. A imagem composta, de cores artificiais, é de um aglomerado de galaxias na constelação de Ofiuco, o serpentario.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A composição inclui imagens de raios X (do Observatorio Chandra de raios X e do XMM-Newton) em purpura, e imagem de radio (do Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope, na India) em azul (juntamente com uma imagem em infravermelho das galaxias e estrelas no campo, em branco para melhor destaque). </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A linha pontilhada marca a divisa de uma cavidade soprada pelo buraco negro supermassivo que espreita no centro da galaxia marcada pela cruz. Emissões de radio preenchem essa cavidade. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Acredita-se que esta grande expolosão se deva ao fato de o buraco negro ter absorvido materia em excesso e estar tendo um espisodio transitorio de "nausea de buraco negro", que resultou na ejeção de um potente jato de radio em direção ao espaço intergalactico. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A quantidade de energia necessaria para soprar essa cavidade é equivalente a cerca de 10 bilhões (!!) de explosões de supernovas.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Astronomers believe they have now found the most powerful example of a black hole outburst yet seen in our Universe. The composite, false-color featured image is of a cluster of galaxies in the constellation of Ophiuchus, the serpent-bearer. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The composite includes X-ray images (from the Chandra X-ray Observatory and XMM-Newton) in purple, and a radio image (from India's Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope) in blue (along with an infrared image of the galaxies and stars in the field in white for good measure). </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The dashed line marks the border of a cavity blown out by the supermassive black hole which lurks at the center of the galaxy marked by the cross. Radio emission fills this cavity. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">This big blowout is believed to be due to the black hole eating too much and experiencing a transient bout of "black hole nausea", which resulted in the ejection of a powerful radio jet blasting into intergalactic space. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The amount of energy needed to blow this cavity is equivalent to about 10 billion supernova explosions.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-12273202364001205192020-03-13T16:46:00.002-03:002020-03-13T16:46:23.321-03:00Milky Way and Zodiacal Light over Chile | Via lactea e luz zodiacal sobre o Chile<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-WyLeM8pI5lA/XmYn1-bob5I/AAAAAAABfq4/0rUDJk455-kGqYFXQKyVktcD0BPhIAPIACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/ZodiacalMw_Ponca_960.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="960" height="426" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-WyLeM8pI5lA/XmYn1-bob5I/AAAAAAABfq4/0rUDJk455-kGqYFXQKyVktcD0BPhIAPIACLcBGAsYHQ/s640/ZodiacalMw_Ponca_960.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">O que é a faixa de luz ligando o solo à Via Lactea? Trata-se de luz Zodiacal — uma faixa de poeira que orbita o Sol, na parte mais interna do Sistema Solar. Ela é mais facilmente visivel pouco antes do nascer-do-sol, quando é chamada falso alvorecer, ou logo após o pôr-do-sol. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A origem da poeira zodiacal ainda é objeto de pesquisas, havendo a hipotese de que ela seja resultante de colisões de asteroides e caudas de cometas. Esta imagem grande angular mostra a faixa central da Via Lactea arqueando-se através do alto, enquanto a Grande Nivem de Magalhães (LMC), uma galaxia satelite da Via Lactea, é visivel à extrema esquerda. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A imagem é uma combinação de mais de 30 exposições registradas em julho do ano passado proximo a La Serena, em meio às montanhas do Chile. Durante os dois proximos meses, a luz zodiacal poderá aparecer bastante prominente no ceu do norte, logo apos o pôr-do-sol.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">What is the band of light connecting the ground to the Milky Way? Zodiacal light -- a stream of dust that orbits the Sun in the inner Solar System. It is most easily seen just before sunrise, where it has been called a false dawn, or just after sunset. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The origin of zodiacal dust remains a topic of research, but is hypothesized to result from asteroid collisions and comet tails. The featured wide-angle image shows the central band of our Milky Way Galaxy arching across the top, while the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), a satellite galaxy to our Milky Way, is visible on the far left. </span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The image is a combination of over 30 exposures taken last July near La Serena among the mountains of Chile. During the next two months, zodiacal light can appear quite prominent in northern skies just after sunset.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-392136580458102430.post-43668010248179103642020-03-08T11:18:00.002-03:002020-03-08T11:18:30.645-03:00Apollo 13 Views of the Moon | Visões da Lua pela Apollo 13<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="540" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Ilifg26TZrI" width="960"></iframe><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">E se o unico jeito de voltar à Terra fosse indo para face oculta da Lua? Esse era o dilema da tripulação da Apollo 13, em 1970, ao tentar retornar para casa a bordo de sua espaçonave inesperadamente danificada. Com a Lua no meio, sua perigosa jornada trocou as vistas espetaculares da face oculta da Lua pelo contato por radio com a equipe do Controle de Missões da NASA. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Essas vistas foram agora recriadas digitalmente a partir de imagens detalhadas da Lua, obtidas pela sonda robotica orbital Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. Este video se inicia mostrando a Terra desaparecer atras da escura borda lunar, enquanto oito minutos depois o Sol nascia ao redor do lado oposto da Lua e começava a iluminar a incomum superficie da Lua, espetacularmente cheia de crateras. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">O contato por radio só foi restabelecido varios minutos mais tarde, quando a Terra crescente rose into view. Com a gravidade da Lua e orientação de varios dedicados engenheiros e cientistas da NASA, alguns dias depois a Apollo abria seus para-quedas sobre o Oceano Pacifico, pousando em segurança na Terra.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tradução L M Leitão da Cunha</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">What if the only way to get back to Earth was to go around the far side of the Moon? Such was the dilemma of the Apollo 13 Crew in 1970 as they tried to return home in their unexpectedly damaged spacecraft. With the Moon in the middle, their perilous journey substituted spectacular views of the lunar far side for radio contact with NASA's Mission Control. </span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">These views have now been digitally recreated from detailed images of the Moon taken by the robotic Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. The featured video starts by showing Earth disappear behind a dark lunar limb, while eight minutes later the Sun rises around the opposite side of the Moon and begins to illuminate the Moon's unusual and spectacularly cratered surface. Radio contact was only re-established several minutes after that, as a crescent Earth rose into view. With the gravity of the Moon and the advice of many industrious NASA engineers and scientists, a few days later Apollo 13 opened its parachutes over the Pacific Ocean and landed safely back on Earth.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0